Setting up a Near-Field Sphere 

To evaluate near fields on a spherical surface, set up a near-field sphere. Near fields are evaluated at a fixed finite distance from the radiating device. You can use the near-field sphere setup to create near-field reports.

1. To create a near-field sphere setup, click HFSS > Radiation>Insert Near Field Setup>Sphere to bring up the Near Field Radiation Sphere Setup dialog box. If the design is Modal/Terminal Solution type the dialogue will include a Radiation Surface tab. If the design is HFSS SBR+ or includes SBR+ Hybrid Regions, the dialogue does not include the Radiation Surface tab because with SBR+ designs, the Radiation surface is defined or selected before simulation using the Field Observation Domain pane in the SBR+ Solution setup Options tab or the Hybrid tab of an HFSS Modal or Terminal setup.



2. Use the Sphere tab define the Name, Radius, and sampling of Phi and Theta for the near-field sphere. The radius is measured from the origin of the sphere's coordinate system, which you specify under the Coordinate System tab. You can assign a variable to the radius, and a post-processing variable will often make sense in this context.

   Specify the sphere's sampling in terms of Start, Stop, and Step Size angles given in radians or degrees. To verify your settings, use the View Sweep Points button to display a list of the theta and phi sweep points. See Spherical Cross-Sections in the Technical Notes for guidelines for setting phi and theta.

   You can use Save as Defaults to set the current values as the default for new near-field sphere setups.

3. Use the Coordinate Systems tab to specify the orientation of the sphere.

   Use global coordinate system is selected by default, but in some cases the orientation of the antenna requires the use of a local coordinate system. In this case, select Use local coordinate system, and choose a local coordinate system that you created previously in the modeler.

4. For HFSS Terminal or Modal without Hybrid regions, use the Radiation Surface tab to select the solved surface from which to calculate radiated fields.

   Use Boundary Radiation Surfaces is selected by default, indicating that the radiated fields will be calculated using the assigned radiation or PML surface. For some models you may find it it more efficient and/or accurate to use an interior surface. In this case, select Use Custom Radiation Surface, and choose a face list that you previously created in the modeler.