1. Edit S1 Inlet.

2. On the Boundary Details tab, set Heat Transfer > Total Temperature to 1000 [K].

3. Click OK.

1. Select Tools > Initialize Profile Data.

   The Initialize Profile Data dialog box appears.

2. Beside Profile Data File, click Browse  .

   The Select Profile Data File dialog box appears.

3. Select FCInjectionPositions.csv and click Open.

4. In the Initialize Profile Data dialog box, select all three Visibility check boxes so that, in the viewer, symbols will appear at the (planned) injection positions.

   Note that the symbol visibility can also be controlled in the Outline tree view by selecting or clearing the check boxes under Simulation > Expressions, Functions and Variables > User Functions.

5. Click OK.

   The profile data is loaded and initialized. Note that an additional three profile functions appear in the Outline tree view, under Simulation > Expressions, Functions and Variables > User Functions:

   • Hub Cooling

   • Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling

   • Rotor Suction Surface Cooling

1. In the Outline tree view, right-click Simulation > Expressions, Functions and Variables > User Functions > Hub Cooling and select Render > Properties.

   The Render Options - User Function Hub Cooling dialog box appears.

2. Set Symbol to Ball.

3. Set Symbol Size to 0.5.

4. Click OK.

   In the viewer, the symbols that mark the injection positions (cooling hole locations) on the hub are now shown as balls.

5. Using the same procedure, change the shape and size of the user function symbols that show the injection positions on the rotor pressure and suction surfaces.

6. If the curled-arrow symbols that mark interfaces are shown in the viewer, hide them by right-clicking the viewer background and deselecting Markers > Interface.

7. Note that, as shown in Figure 38.1: Injection Positions, one of the injection positions on the hub is slightly outside the modeled passage; any such injection position is effectively relocated (by the CFX-Solver) to a corresponding position between the periodic interfaces. You can therefore create injection positions without having to know the exact locations of the periodic interfaces.

1. Select Tools > Edit Profile Data.

   The Edit Profile Data dialog box appears.

2. Under Source Profile, click Browse  .

   The Select Profile Data File dialog box appears.

3. From your working directory, select FCInjectionPositions.csv and click Open.

4. In the Edit Profile Data dialog box, set Write to Profile to FCInjectionPositions_2p.csv.

5. IMPORTANT: Ensure that Initialize New Profile After Writing is cleared in order to prevent the profile data from being initialized with the expanded profile.

6. In the Transformations frame, click Add new item  , set Name to Transformation 1, and click OK.

7. Configure the following setting(s):

   Setting	Value
   Transformation 1 > Option	Expansion
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Rotation Option	Principal Axis
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Axis	Z
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Passages in Profile	1
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Passages in 360	42
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Expansion Option	Spec. Number of Passages
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Pass. in Expansion	2
   Transformation 1 > Expansion Definition > Theta Offset	-8.57143 [degree]

8. Click OK.

1. In the Outline tree view, right-click Simulation > Expressions, Functions and Variables > User Functions > Hub Cooling and select Edit.

2. Under Parameters, select MassFlow (in the list).

3. Select MassFlow > Parameter List.

4. Set Parameter List to Injection Mass Flow Rate.

5. Also make the following associations for user function Hub Cooling:

   • With Value Fields set to Cooling Temperature, select Cooling Temperature > Parameter List, then set Parameter List to Stationary Frame Total Temperature.

   • With Value Fields set to Hole Diameter, select Hole Diameter > Parameter List, then set Parameter List to Diameter.

6. Click OK.

7. Make the following associations for user function Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling (clicking OK when done):

   • With Parameters set to Diameter, ensure that Parameter List is set to Diameter.

   • With Parameters set to InjectionTemperature, set Parameter List to Stationary Frame Total Temperature.

   • With Value Fields set to Mass Flow, set Parameter List to Injection Mass Flow Rate.

8. Make the same associations for user function Rotor Suction Surface Cooling as for user function Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling (clicking OK when done).

1. Select Insert > Injection Region > in R1.

   The Insert Injection Region dialog box appears.

2. Set Name to Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling Holes and click OK.

3. Configure the following setting(s):

   Tab	Setting	Value
   Basic Settings	Region Type	Inlet
   	Injection Location Type > Option	Selected 2D Regions
   	Injection Location Type > Location	BLADE 2
   	Injection Positions > Option	From Profile
   	Injection Positions > Profile Name	Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling
   	Injection Positions > Generate Values	(Click) This fills in settings on the Injection Details tab using the associations that you defined earlier in the Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling user function.
   	Coordinate Frame	Coord 0
   	Frame Type	Rotating
   Injection Details	Injection Model > Option	Circular Hole
   	Injection Model > Diameter	Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling.Diameter()
   	Mass And Momentum > Option	Injection Mass Flow Rate
   	Mass and Momentum > Mass Flow Rate	Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling.Mass Flow(x,y,z)
   	Mass and Momentum > Mass Flow Rate Area	Per Injection Position
   	Flow Direction > Option	Normal to Boundary Condition
   	Heat Transfer > Option	Stationary Frame Total Temperature
   	Heat Transfer > Stat. Frame Tot. Temp	Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling.InjectionTemperature()

4. Click OK.

1. Select Insert > Injection Region > in R1.

   The Insert Injection Region dialog box appears.

2. Set Name to Hub Cooling Holes and click OK.

3. Configure the following setting(s):

   Tab	Setting	Value
   Basic Settings	Region Type	Inlet
   	Injection Location Type > Option	Selected 2D Regions
   	Injection Location Type > Location	Entire HUB 2
   	Injection Positions > Option	From Profile
   	Injection Positions > Profile Name	Hub Cooling
   	Injection Positions > Generate Values	(Click) This fills in settings on the Injection Details tab using the associations that you defined earlier in the Hub Cooling user function.
   	Coordinate Frame	Coord 0
   	Frame Type	Rotating
   Injection Details	Injection Model > Option	Circular Hole
   	Injection Model > Diameter	Hub Cooling.Hole Diameter(x,y,z)
   	Mass And Momentum > Option	Injection Mass Flow Rate
   	Mass and Momentum > Mass Flow Rate	Hub Cooling.MassFlow()
   	Mass and Momentum > Mass Flow Rate Area	As Specified (This indicates that the specified mass flow rate is the total over all 4 modeled holes on the hub.)
   	Flow Direction > Option	Normal to Boundary Condition
   	Heat Transfer > Option	Stationary Frame Total Temperature
   	Heat Transfer > Stat. Frame Tot. Temp	Hub Cooling.Cooling Temperature(x,y,z)

4. Click OK.

1. Create a user line (Insert > User Locations > User Line) named User Line 1, with Option set to Two Points, Number of Points set to 2, Point 1 set to (-0.245, 0.001, 0.21), and Point 2 set to (-0.243, -0.026, 0.21).

   This user line marks the position and orientation of the slot.

   Note that the user line visibility can be controlled in the Outline tree view by selecting or clearing the check box for Simulation > User Locations > User Line 1.

2. Select Insert > Injection Region > in R1.

   The Insert Injection Region dialog box appears.

3. Set Name to Platform Cooling Slot and click OK.

4. Configure the following setting(s):

   Tab	Setting	Value
   Basic Settings	Region Type	Inlet
   	Injection Location Type > Option	Selected 2D Regions
   	Injection Location Type > Location	Entire HUB 2
   	Injection Positions > Option	User Location
   	Injection Positions > User Location List	User Line 1
   	Coordinate Frame	Coord 0
   	Frame Type	Rotating
   Injection Details	Injection Model > Option	Cylindrical Slot
   	Injection Model > Slot Width	1 [mm]
   	Injection Model > Axis Definition > Option	From Domain
   	Mass And Momentum > Option	Injection Mass Flow Rate
   	Mass and Momentum > Mass Flow Rate	1.5e-3 [kg s^-1]
   	Mass and Momentum > Mass Flow Rate Area	As Specified (This indicates that the specified mass flow rate applies over the slot as specified for the modeled sector of the wheel.)
   	Flow Direction > Option	Normal to Boundary Condition
   	Heat Transfer > Option	Stationary Frame Total Temperature
   	Heat Transfer > Stat. Frame Tot. Temp	420 [K]

5. Click OK.

1. Select Insert > Solver > Output Control.

   The Output Control details view appears.

2. On the Monitor tab, under Monitor Points and Expressions, click Add new item  .

   The Insert Monitor Point dialog box appears.

3. Set Name to Average Pressure on Hub Cooling Holes and click OK.

4. Under Monitor Points and Expressions > Average Pressure on Hub Cooling Holes:

   1. Set Option to Expression.

   2. Set Expression Value to areaAve(Pressure)@Hub Cooling Holes.

5. Click Apply.

1. Click Execution Control  .

2. Configure the following setting(s):

   Tab	Setting	Value
   Run Definition	Input File Settings > Solver Input File	FilmCooling.def [a]
   You do not need to set the full path unless you are saving the solver file somewhere other than the working directory.

3. Confirm that the rest of the execution control settings are set appropriately.

4. Click OK.

1. Click Define Run  .

   CFX-Solver Manager automatically starts and, on the Define Run dialog box, Solver Input File is set.

2. If using stand-alone mode, quit CFX-Pre, saving the simulation (.cfx) file at your discretion.

1. In the Outline tree view, select the check boxes for R1 Blade and R1 Hub.

2. Edit R1 Blade.

3. In the details view, on the Render tab, clear Show Faces, select Show Mesh Lines, and click Apply.

4. Edit R1 Hub similarly.

5. Turn off the visibility of User Locations and Plots > Wireframe.

1. Click Insert > Contour and accept the default name.

2. Configure the following setting(s):

   Tab	Setting	Value
   Geometry	Locations	R1 Blade,R1 Hub
   	Variable	Temperature
   	Range	Global
   	# of Contours	21
   Render	Show Contour Bands > Lighting	(Cleared)

3. Click Apply.

In this section, you will begin by creating point clouds that show the cooling hole centers. To ensure that every cooling hole center on the hub is represented, including the one (as mentioned earlier) specified by a position outside the mesh (the corresponding position in an adjacent flow passage), you will use the expanded profile (created earlier) to create the point clouds.

You will then use injection region object Rotor Suction Surface Cooling Holes to visualize the approximate shape of the cooling holes on the rotor suction surface.

Create the point clouds using the expanded profile that you prepared earlier:

1. Select File > Import > Import Surface, Line or Point Data.

   The Import Surface, Line or Point Data dialog box appears.

2. Set File to FCInjectionPositions_2p.csv.

3. Set Import As to Point Cloud.

4. Click OK.

   In the Outline tree view, under User Locations and Plots, three point cloud objects appear. These objects correspond to the three profile data sets in FCInjectionPositions_2p.csv, which represent all cooling hole locations (in two passages) for the hub, rotor pressure surface, and rotor suction surface.

5. Edit User Locations and Plots > Imported Hub Cooling.

6. In the details view, on the Symbol tab, set Symbol to Ball and Symbol Size to 0.25.

7. Click Apply.

   The viewer shows ball symbols at the cooling hole locations on the hub.

8. Change the symbols similarly for the other two point cloud objects.

1. Turn off the visibility of contour plot Contour 1.

2. Turn on the visibility of injection region Rotor Suction Surface Cooling Holes.

3. Edit injection region Rotor Suction Surface Cooling Holes.

4. In the details view, on the Color tab, change Mode to Variable and, using the Ellipsis   icon, change Variable to Rotor Suction Surface Cooling Holes Area Fraction.

5. Click Apply.

1. Edit injection region Rotor Suction Surface Cooling Holes.

2. In the details view, on the Render tab, ensure that Use Post Region Rendering is selected and set Area Fraction to 0.25.

3. Click Apply.

1. From the main menu, select Insert > Streamline.

   The Insert Streamline dialog box appears.

2. Accept the default name and click OK.

3. Set Definition > Start From to a selection of all four injection regions:

   • Hub Cooling Holes

   • Platform Cooling Slot

   • Rotor Pressure Surface Cooling Holes

   • Rotor Suction Surface Cooling Holes

4. Set Definition > Sampling to Vertex.

5. To help ensure that every injection position in the passage has associated streamlines, set Definition > Reduction to Reduction Factor and Definition > Factor to 1.0.

6. Set Definition > Boundary Data to Hybrid.

7. Ensure that Cross Periodics is selected.

   This setting enables the streamlines to cross periodic boundaries.

8. Click the Color tab.

9. Set Mode to Variable.

10. Set Variable to Temperature.

11. Set Range to Global.

12. Click the Symbol tab.

13. Ensure that Show Streams is selected.

14. Set Show Streams > Stream Type to Tube.

15. Set Show Streams > Tube Width to 1.0.

16. Click Apply.

    Streamlines start from each injection region in the passage, as shown in Figure 38.7: Streamlines starting from Injection Regions.

1. Apply the Bug workaround just mentioned for injection region Hub Cooling Holes by turning on, then off, its Use Post Region Rendering option:

   1. Edit injection region Hub Cooling Holes.

   2. In the details view, on the Render tab, ensure that Use Post Region Rendering is turned on.

   3. Click Apply.

   4. In the details view, on the Render tab, turn off Use Post Region Rendering.

   5. Click Apply.

      You are now ready to calculate quantities on injection region Hub Cooling Holes.

2. Calculate the mass flow that passes through all holes, taken collectively, of injection region Hub Cooling Holes as follows:

   1. Select Tools > Function Calculator.

   2. In the Function Calculator, set Function to massFlow and Location to Hub Cooling Holes.

   3. Click Calculate.

      The computed mass flow appears under Results.

3. Calculate the mass flow integral of static enthalpy over all holes, taken collectively, of injection region Hub Cooling Holes as follows:

   1. In the Function Calculator, set Function to massFlowInt, Location to Hub Cooling Holes, and Variable to Static Enthalpy.

   2. Click Calculate.

      The computed integral appears under Results.

4. Calculate the area of all holes, taken collectively, of injection region Hub Cooling Holes as follows:

   1. In the Function Calculator, set Function to area and Location to Hub Cooling Holes.

   2. Click Calculate.

      The computed area appears under Results.

      Note that area-dependent results are approximate, being affected by mesh coarseness as well as the geometric fidelity of the approximate (polygonal) geometry used internally to represent the cooling holes.