The 3D model consists of concrete and reinforcing element types:
The concrete uses the coupled pore-pressure-thermal mechanical solid element CPT215. Two extra degrees of freedom per node, associated with implicit gradient regularization, are activated via a key option (KEYOPT,ITYPE,18,2).
Reinforcing is simulated via the discrete reinforcing element REINF264 (generated via EREINF).
The solid elements and the reinforcing element are connected at the nodes, such that no special bond interaction between concrete and steel is considered. Using symmetry, only half of the joint is modeled:
