AMSTEP
AMSTEP, Sequence
,
VAL1
, VAL2
,
VAL3
, VAL4
, VAL5
, VAL6
Specifies the process-sequence steps in an additive manufacturing analysis.
Sequence
One of the following sequence options:
PREHEAT
—
VAL1
– Preheat temperature of the build plate. Default = TUNIF.BUILD
—
VAL1
– Unused.VAL2
– Ending-layer number (for performing the simulation from the first layer to the specified layer only). Default = last layer necessary to build the part.VAL3
– Number of time steps taken to apply heating. Default = 2.VAL4
– Number of time steps taken between layer additions. Default = 2.VAL5
– Unused.VAL6
– Bias growth factor for time steps between layer additions. Default = 1.COOLDOWN
—
VAL1
– Ambient (room) temperature (to serve as the target cooldown temperature).VAL2
– Cooldown time. If 0 or unspecified, the program calculates the time based on the volume of the part and the convection coefficient (AMENV and AMPOWDER).VAL3
– Number of time steps taken to cool down. Default = 20.UNBOLT
—
Perform a base unbolting step where base constraints are removed.
HEATTREAT
—
Perform a heat-treat (stress-relief) step.
REMOVE
—
VAL1
– The number of a support to remove. Specify 0 for plate.VAL2
– Directional cutoff step size. Only valid ifVAL1
= 0.VAL3
– Directional cutoff angle specified on the X-Y plane from the +X axis. Only valid ifVAL1
= 0. Default = 0 radians.USER
—
Perform a user-defined step.
Notes
AMSTEP executes a process-sequence step:
In a thermal analysis,
Sequence
= PREHEAT sets the value of the starting temperature of the build plate. It is ignored in a structural analysis.Sequence
= BUILD executes the layer-by-layer build sequence.Sequence
= COOLDOWN executes the cooldown step and must occur after the BUILD step.Sequence
= HEATTREAT performs a heat-treatment step to stress-relieve the part. Issue AMBUILD,RTHFILE to point to the heat-treat thermal-cycle results and specify either a relaxation temperature (AMMAT) or creep properties (TB).In a structural analysis,
Sequence
= REMOVE removes the requested support or build plate. It is ignored in a thermal analysis.In a structural analysis,
Sequence
= USER can specify an initial step (such as bolt-pretension the build plate) or a final step (such as a manufacturing postprocessing step).
For Sequence
= BUILD and Sequence
=
COOLDOWN, the number of time steps specified determines the accuracy of the captured temperature
profile. For distortion and global residual stresses, the default is usually sufficient. With some materials (Al alloys in
particular), the default of evenly spaced time steps during the build
(Sequence
= BUILD) may not adequately capture the cooldown. The bias
growth factor (VAL6
) adjusts the time spacing to better resolve
temperatures as they cool between layers.
When Sequence
= UNBOLT, constraints for UX,
UY, and UZ will be removed from base nodes. Constraints on weak spring or nonbuild
(NONBUILD_ELEMENTS component name) elements will not be deleted. Similarly, symmetry nodes
(SYMM_NODES component name) will not be deleted. Note that for symmetry this may mean that the Z,
and other undesired constraints on symmetry nodes may need to be deleted manually for this
step.
For Sequence
= REMOVE, directional cutoff is
activated when VAL1
is set to 0 (plate), and a value is given for
VAL2
(cut step size). This option will sequentially remove the first
layer of elements in a series of steps with each step moving the specified distance
(VAL2
). The cutoff steps will continue across the entire part in the
direction of the specified angle (VAL3
). If neither
VAL1
nor VAL2
are specified, the entire
base is removed in a single instantaneous step.
When Sequence
= USER, the process-sequence steps are bypassed,
and the usual nonlinear solution is performed during this step. All applicable load and load step
options are accessible. If USER is the initial step, all times are offset by the TIME associated
with the USER step.
This command starts a solution. You must remain in SOLUTION between sequence steps.
This command is valid in the SOLUTION processor only.
For more information, including a list of the elements and commands used in an additive manufacturing analysis, see Additive Simulation in Mechanical in the LPBF Simulation Guide.