The active and passive lateral earth pressure on a horizontally displaced retaining wall is calculated. The retained backfill consists of a sand-like soil with little cohesion.
Initially, the in situ stress state is applied by considering the gravitational acceleration of the soil. Afterwards, two stress states are generated.
An active earth-pressure state is created by moving the retaining wall away from the soil. A passive earth-pressure state is produced by moving the retaining wall towards the soil. Both stress states are strongly influenced by the plastic deformation of the retained soil.
