Note that the exchange of momentum, heat, and mass from the fibers is under-relaxed during the calculation, so that

(22–26)

(22–27)

(22–28)

where is the under-relaxation factor for fibers that you can set in the Solution Controls task page. The default value for is 0.5. This value may be reduced in order to improve the stability of coupled calculations. Note that the value of does not influence the predictions obtained in the final converged solution.