The reference coordinates, which are needed to evaluate the
material stiffness and strains
are evaluated
depending on the laminate properties or the curvature. If the laminate
is non-isotropic, the reference coordinates are parallel to the principal
laminate directions, where the first principal laminate stiffness
has its maximum. In the case of a quasi-isotropic laminate, the reference
coordinates are parallel to the principal curvature directions.