Peak Realized Gain
Realized gain is four pi times the ratio of an antenna's radiation intensity in a given direction to the total power incident upon the antenna port(s). Peak realized gain, in turn, is the maximum realized gain over all the user-specified directions of the far-field infinite sphere. Time-average power of the incident wave is referenced for realized gain. This quantity can be small for the case when the imaginary part of port impedance is much larger than real part. In fact, it can be significantly smaller than accepted power which means that realized gain can be larger than gain.
The following equation is used to calculate realized gain in HFSS:
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(1) |
where
- U is the radiation intensity in watts per steradian in the direction specified.
- Pincident is the incident
power in watts.
Note:
Because the gain is calculated from the input signal at the port, a port must be defined for this quantity to be displayed.